![]() The common isthmus-dependent right atrial flutter (type 1 counterclockwise) is the most common form (about 80% of cases) and is typically a regular atrial rhythm, due to a re-entry circuit involving a large part of the right atrium (atrial macro-reentry right), consisting of the slowing of conduction near the hollow-tricuspid isthmus (CTI), i.e. ![]() The isthmus dependent atrial flutter is divided into two forms: a) Common anticlockwise flutter (AFL type 1) and b) Uncommon clockwise flutter (AFL type 2) (Figure 1). The right atrial flutter is, in turn, divided into two subgroups, right atrial flutter isthmus dependent (typical) and right atrial flutter non isthmus dependent (atypical). Scheinman, the atrial flutter is distinguished according to the chamber in which it originates, in right atrial flutter and left atrial flutter. Since the atrioventricular node is unable to conduct at this speed, the impulses are conducted to the ventricles according to a conduction ratio that can be fixed, giving a regular ventricular rhythm (for example in the case of 2:1 conduction, with FC 150 bpm) or variable from moment to moment, according to variable conduction ratios (3:1, 4:1, or 5:1), giving a regular and sometimes irregular ventricular rhythm.Īccording to the classification sec. In the case of atrial flutter, the atria depolarize at a rate of 250-350 beats/min. The diagnosis of AFL is based on the 12-lead ECG or on the ECG according to Holter, which highlights the atrial activation with the typical sawtooth pattern (called F waves). What are the electrocardiographic features of atrial flutter? Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation is the therapy of choice for the treatment of atrial flutter. The atrial flutter is due to a re-entry macrocircuit, generally located in the right atrium, and is not very sensitive to antiarrhythmic drugs commonly used for atrial fibrillation (class I and III). As in atrial fibrillation, atrial thrombi can form, which can then embolize. AFL symptoms include palpitations, exercise intolerance, dyspnoea and presyncope. What are the treatments for atrial flutter?Ītrial flutter is a relatively frequent form of atrial arrhythmia that often occurs in association with atrial fibrillation and can cause important adverse events, such as cardioembolic stroke, myocardial ischemia and sometimes tachycardiomyopathy, due to rapid atrioventricular conduction.What are the electrocardiographic features of atrial flutter?.Master in Physiology and pathology of ion channels in cardiovascular diseases – full video.Master in Physiology and pathology of ion channels in cardiovascular diseases – eng.Master in Electrocardiography – full video.Master in Basic Electrocardiography – eng.MD Program 2020-2021- Cardiology Course.MD Program 2021-2022 – Cardiology Course.The Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC). ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |